Nmap offers multiple scanning methods, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. There are three main types of scans:
- Host discovery scans rely on sending TCP packets to every IP address in the target range.
- Service discovery scans use ARP requests to determine which IP addresses are reachable by the target's gateway.
- OS detection scans send ICMP echo requests to the target IP addresses in order to determine what operating system is running on each host.
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