The Motor Driver is the most important component in operating a DC motor using a Raspberry Pi. A Motor Driver is a specific circuit or integrated circuit that supplies the motor with the necessary power (or current) for smooth and safe operation. Even a modest 5V DC Motor uses a lot of current in the beginning, roughly 300–400 mA.
This Raspberry Pi add-on can drive up to 4 DC or 2 Stepper motors with full PWM speed control, making it ideal for any motion project. Because the Raspberry Pi has a limited number of PWM pins, we employ an onboard totally dedicated PWM driver chip to regulate motor direction and speed.
PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is a popular method for controlling DC motors with a microcontroller. The modulator voltage determines the electric motor's speed. An electric motor rotates faster when the voltage is higher.
Change the duty-cycle of each PWM signal to control DC motor speed. The PWM signal is a square wave with two parameters: frequency and duty-cycle. When the duty-cycle of a PWM signal is 100%, the motor runs at maximum speed. The motor will stop if the percentage is zero.
The GPIOs on the Raspberry Pi can be used to control stepper motor spinning. On the GPIO pins of the Raspberry Pi, we can generate a succession of control signals.
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