A virtual function is a member function that you expect derived classes to redefine. When you use a pointer or a reference to the base class to refer to a derived class object, you can call a virtual function for that object and have it run the derived class's version of the function.
C++ employs a unique type of late binding called the virtual table to implement virtual functions. The virtual table is a lookup table of functions that is used to resolve dynamic/late binding function calls.
A virtual function is a base class member function that can be redefined in derived classes. A pure virtual function is a base class member function whose declaration is in the base class and implementation is in the derived class. Virtual function-containing classes are not abstract classes.
A pure virtual function prevents the base class from being instantiated, forcing derived classes to specify these functions before being created. This ensures that derived classes don't forget to redefine functions that the base class requires.
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